Weather words in Mandarin Chinese

Weather words and weather-related expressions in Mandarin Chinese with English equivalents.

普通话 / 國語 / 華語 English
天气 [天氣] (tiānqì) the weather
天气预报 [天氣預報] (tiānqì yùbào) weather forecast
今天的天气预报怎么说? [今天的天氣預報怎麼說?]
(jīntiān de tiānqì yùbào zěnme shuō?)
What’s the weather forecast for today?
天气怎么样? [天氣怎麼樣? ] (tiānqì zěnme yàng?)
天气如何? [天氣如何?] (tiānqì rúhé)
What's the weather like?
明天天气怎么样? [明天天氣怎麼樣?]
(míng​tiān tiānqì zěnme yàng?)
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
天气很热 [天氣很熱] (tiānqì hěn rè) It’s hot
天气温暖 [天氣溫暖] (tiānqì wēnnuǎn) It’s warm
天气寒冷 [天氣寒冷] (tiānqì hánlěng) It's cold
天气凉 [天氣凉] (tiānqì liáng) It's cool
气温 [氣溫] (qìwēn) temperature
今天的温度是多少? [今天的溫度是多少?]
(jīntiān de wēndù shì duōshǎo?)
What’s the temperature today?
度 (dù) degrees (celsius)
天晴 (tiānqíng) It's clear
天气很好 [天氣很好] (tiānqì hěn hǎo) It's nice (weather)
天气不好 (tiānqì bùhǎo) It's bad weather
天气很恶劣 [天氣很惡劣] (tiānqì hěn èliè) It's miserable weather
天气很糟糕 [天氣很糟糕] (tiānqì hěn zāogāo) It's terrible weather
天气潮湿 [天氣潮濕] (tiānqì cháoshī) It's humid
风 [風] (fēng) wind
今天刮风 [今天刮風] (jīntiān guā fēng) It's windy
和风 [和風] (héfēng) breeze
微风 [微風] (wēifēng) light breeze
清风 [清風] (qīngfēng) cool breeze
秋风送爽 [秋風送爽] (qiūfēng sòng shuǎng) cool autumn breeze
暖风 [暖風] (nuǎnfēng) warm breeze
强风 [强風] (qiángfēng) strong breeze
海风 [海風] (hǎi​fēng) sea breeze, sea wind
疾风 [疾風] (jífēng), 大风 [大風] (dàfēng) strong wind, gale
暴风 [暴風] (bàofēng) storm wind, storm (force 11)
旋风 [旋風] (xuàn​fēng) whirlwind, tornado
龙卷 [龍捲] (lóng​juǎn) tornado, waterspout, twister
龙卷风 [龍捲風] (lóngxuàn​fēng) tornado, hurricane, cyclone
台风 [颱風] (táifēng) typhoon
飓风 [颶風] (jùfēng) hurricane
太阳 [太陽] (tàiyáng) sun
天气晴朗 [天氣晴朗] (tiānqì qínglǎng) It's sunny
天空 (tiān​kōng) sky
云 [雲] (yún) cloud
今天阴天 [今天陰天] (jīntiān yīn tiān) It's cloudy
薄雾 [薄霧] (bówù) mist
有薄雾 [有薄霧] (jīntiān yǒu bówù) It's misty
雾 [霧] (wù) fog
今天有雾 [今天有霧] (jīntiān yǒu wù) It's foggy
雨 (yǔ) rain
下雨 (xià yǔ) It's raining
小雨 (xiǎoyǔ) light rain, drizzle
烟雨 [煙雨] (yān​yǔ) misty rain, drizzle
大雨 (dàyǔ) heavy rain
暴雨 (bàoyǔ) torrential rain, rainstorm
下傾盆大雨 [下倾盆大雨] (xìa qīngpén dàyǔ) It’s raining heavily
(“Basin-bending big rain is falling”)
雪 (xuě) snow
下雪 (xià xuě) It's snowing
冰雹 (bīngbáo) hail
雨夹雪 (yǔjiāxuě) sleet
冰 (bīng) ice
今天特别冷 (jīntiān tèbié lěng) It's freezing
雷 (léi) thunder
雷雨 (léiyǔ) thunderstorm
闪电 [閃電] (shǎndiàn) lightning
暴风雨 [暴風雨] (bàofēngyǔ) storm, rainstorm, tempest
有暴风雨 [有暴風雨] (yǒu bàofēngyǔ) It's stormy
彩虹 (cǎihóng) rainbow
暴风雨 [暴風雨] storm, rainstorm, tempest
温度 [溫度] (wēn​dù) temperature

Here are some idioms related to the weather and/or feature weather-related words:

普通话 / 國語 / 華語 English
乘风破浪 [乘風破浪] (chéngfēngpòlàng) to have high ambitions
(“ride the wind and waves”)
一帆风顺 [一帆風順] (yīfānfēngshùn) smooth sailing, have a nice trip
(“propitious wind throughout the journey”)
乘风 [乘風] (chéng fēng) to take an opportunity
(“ride the wind”)
风和日丽 [風和日麗] (fēng​hé​rì​lì) fine sunny weather, esp. in springtime
(“moderate wind, beautiful sun”)
风雨同舟 [風雨同舟] (fēngyǔtóngzhōu) through thick and thin, to stick together in hard times
(“wind rain same boat”)
风雨 [風雨] (fēngyǔ​) trials and hardships, the elements
(“wind and rain”)
雨过天晴 [雨過天晴] (yǔ​guò​tiān​qíng​) every cloud has a silver lining
(“sky clears after rain”)
风雨飘摇 [風雨飄搖] (fēng​yǔ​piāo​yáo​) (of a situation) unstable
(“tossed about by the wind and rain”)
雷声大雨点小 (léi​shēng dàyǔ diǎn xiǎo) his bark is worse than his bite
(“loud thunder little rain”)

Hear Mandarin Chinese words for weather:

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Links and sources

https://www.thoughtco.com/mandarin-seasons-and-weather-2279450
https://www.rocketlanguages.com/chinese/words/weather-in-chinese
https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary
https://dict.naver.com/linedict/zhendict/dict.html

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