Celtic cognates - Trees and Plants

Words for trees and other plants that are cognate in all or some of the six modern Celtic languages.

Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to the Celtiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish. More Celtic Cognates


Trees

These words are cognate in all six Celtic languages.

Gaeilge
(Irish)
Gàidhlig
(Gaelic)
Gaelg
(Manx)
Cymraeg
(Welsh)
Kernewek
(Cornish)
Brezhoneg
(Breton)
English
beith beith beih bedw besewen bezv birch
bláth blàth blaa blodyn bleujen bleuñv flower
blossom
crann crann croan pren pren prenn tree
mast
boom
wood
bar
fiodh fiodh fuygh gwŷdd gwydh gwez tree
wood
timber
abhaill abhall ooyl afall avalen avalwez apple
beith beith beih bedw besewen bezv birch
coll coll
calltainn
coull coll koll kelvez hazel
cuileann cuileann cullyn celyn(en) kelyn(nen) kelen(enn) holly
dair
doire
dair
darach
darragh
darrag
dâr
derw(en)
dar
derw(en)
derv oak
duille duille duilley dail delen deil leaf
foliage
eidheann eidheann hibbin eiddew idhyow iliav ivy
feá feagha faih ffawydden fowenn faouenn beech
fearnóg feàrna farney gwern gwern gwern alder
féar feur faiyr gwair gora garzh hay
grass
fraoch fraoch freoagh grug grug brug heather
fréamh freumh fraue gwraidd gwreydh gwrizienn root
origin
source
geil geil gyndyr gwellt gwels geot
gwelt
grass
graze
fuinseog fuinnseag
uinnseann
unjin onn onn onn ash
iúr iubhar
iùbhar
euar efwr
ewr
evor evor yew
alder
eo iodh yw ewin iwin
ivin
yew
leamhán leamhan lhiouan llwyf elow evlec'h elm
linden
lime
lus lus lus llys les louzaouenn plant
herb
clann
planda
clann
plannt
cloan
plant
plant plans plantenn children
clan
plant
raithneach raineach renniagh rhedyn reden raden fern
bracken
saileach seileach shellagh helygen (sg)
helyg (pl)
helygen (sg)
helyk (pl)
halegenn (sg)
haleg (pl)
willow

These words are cognate in some of the Celtic languages.

Gaeilge
(Irish)
Gàidhlig
(Gaelic)
Gaelg
(Manx)
Cymraeg
(Welsh)
Kernewek
(Cornish)
Brezhoneg
(Breton)
English
abhaill abhall afallen avalen avalwez apple tree
aiteann ait
atain
aiteann
aittin eithin eythinen ethin† furze
gorse
whin
bealaidh banadl
banal
banadhel banal broom (shrub)
bile bile billey pill pil tree
mast
bush
trunk
coed
coeden
koos koad forest
wood
tree
craobh craobh crouw branch
tree
bush
cabhail (?) cabhail (?) cyff kef trunk
stump
stock
egroesen amgroasenn agroazenn (rose) hip(s)
brier
géag geug cainc branch
bough
limb
giolcach giolcach giucklagh broom (shrub)
learóg learag
làrag
lhiarrag
larsh
lars
llar(s)wydd
larwedhen larch (tree)
meillion mellyon melchon clover
shamrock
seamair seamair clover
shamrock
seamróg siumrag shamrag
samark
siamroc
samrog
shamrock
tinne teine
tinne
glastannen glastanen tann(enn) oak
furze
gorse
whin

Geirfa Natur (Nature Glossary) - words for animals, birds, fish and other creatures in the modern Celtic language (Excel format, provided by Gwyn Harrison)

Celtic cognates

Complete Cognates, Partial Cognates . Cognates arranged thematically: Adjectives | Animals | Birds | Clothes | Colours | Conjunctions | Countries | Directions | Food and Drink | Landscape | Buildings | Languages | Metals | Musical terms | Numbers | Parts of the body | People | Pronouns | Prepositions | Sea creatures | Time expressions | Trees and Plants | Verbs | Weather | Tools | Other words | Names

Celtiadur

Celtiadur

The Celtiadur blog is a collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Middle Breton and Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.

Celtic Pathways

Celtic Pathways

On the Celtic Pathways podcast I discuss connections between the Celtic languages, and look for words with Celtic roots in non-Celtic languages, such as English, French, Spanish, Galician and Portuguese.

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If you would like to make any corrections or additions to this page, or if you can provide recordings, please contact me.

Links

Stòr-fhaclan Co-dhàimheil Ceilteach (Database of Celtic cognates)
http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/scc/lorg.php

McBain's Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language
http://www.ceantar.org/Dicts/MB2/

Information about Celtic languages

Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh

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