This page contains weather-related words that are cognate in all or some of the six modern Celtic languages.
Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to the Celtiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish. More Celtic Cognates
These words are cognate in all six Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aer aidhéar |
adhar | aer | awyr | ayr | aer | air sky |
| aimsir | aimsir | emshir | amser | amser | amzer | weather time |
| fead | fead | fed | gwynt | gwyns | gwent | whistle wind |
| néal | neul | niaul neeal |
niwl | niwl | nivlenn | cloud mist fog |
| neamh | nèamh | niau | nef | nev | neñv | sky heaven |
| reo | reòth | rio | rhew | rew | rev | frost ice |
| súil | sùil | sooill | haul | howl | heol | sun eye |
| torann toirneach |
torrann tàirneach |
taarnagh | taran | taran | taran | thunder noise |
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These words are cognate in some of the Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arg† | — | — | eira | ergh | erc'h | snow |
| — | — | — | awel | awel | avel | wind breeze |
| báisteach | baisteach | Bashtagh | — | — | — | rain Baptist |
| casair | casair | — | cesair | keser | kazarc'h | hail |
| ceo | ceò | kay kyeoh |
— | — | — | fog mist |
| cloichshneachta | clach-shneachd | claghyn sniaghtee | — | — | — | hail hailstones |
| — | — | — | cwmwl | kommol | koumoul | fog mist cloud |
| dealán gealán |
dealan dealanach |
— | — | — | — | lightning gleam flash |
| díle | dìle | — | dilyw | — | diluj | deluge flood |
| doineann | doineann | dorrin | — | — | — | stormy weather storm tempest |
| fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliaghey | — | — | — | rain wetting |
| gaoth | gaoth | geay | — | — | — | wind |
| — | — | — | glaw | glaw | glav | rain |
| grian | grian | grian | — | — | — | sun |
| — | — | — | huan | — | huon | sun eye |
| lia | lighe | — | lliant | liv | liñvadenn | flood flow torrent |
| — | — | — | — | lughes | luc'hed | lightning |
| oighear | eigh | — | iain | yeyn | yen | frost ice |
| scamall | sgòth | — | — | — | — | cloud |
| sneachta | sneachd | sniaghtey | nyf | — | — | snow |
| spéir | speur | speyr | sffêr | — | sfer sphère |
sky sphere |
| stoirm | stoirm | sterrym | (y)storm | — | — | storm |
| — | — | — | tywydd | tewedha | — | weather |
| — | — | — | wybr | ebron | oabl | sky air |
Weather words in: Breton, Cornish, Irish and Welsh
Complete Cognates, Partial Cognates . Cognates arranged thematically: Adjectives | Animals | Birds | Clothes | Colours | Conjunctions | Countries | Directions | Food and Drink | Landscape | Buildings | Languages | Metals | Musical terms | Numbers | Parts of the body | People | Pronouns | Prepositions | Sea creatures | Time expressions | Trees and Plants | Verbs | Weather | Tools | Other words | Names
The Celtiadur blog is a collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Middle Breton and Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
On the Celtic Pathways podcast I discuss connections between the Celtic languages, and look for words with Celtic roots in non-Celtic languages, such as English, French, Spanish, Galician and Portuguese.
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If you would like to make any corrections or additions to this page, or if you can provide recordings, please contact me.
Stòr-fhaclan Co-dhàimheil Ceilteach (Database of Celtic cognates)
http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/scc/lorg.php
McBain's Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language
http://www.ceantar.org/Dicts/MB2/
Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh
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