Thai is a Tai-Kadai language spoken by about 60 million people mainly in Thailand (ประเทศไทย), where it is an offical language and the de facto national language. There are also Thai speakers in other places, including 153,000 in the USA, 64,800 in Taiwan, 58,800 in Germany, 55,400 in Australia, 43,600 in Sweden and 30,000 in Malaysia.
Thai is closely related to Lao, and northern dialects of Thai are more or less mutually intelligible with Lao, particularly the Lao spoken in northern Thailand. Thai vocabulary includes many words from Pali, Sanskrit and Old Khmer.
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It is thought that the Thai alphabet was based on the Old Khmer alphabet, which dates from 611 AD. The oldest known inscriptions in Thai appeared in about 1292 AD. According to tradition, the Thai alphabet was created by King Ramkhamhaeng (พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช).
The Thai alphabet is used to write Thai, Sanskrit, Pali, and a number of minority languages spoken in Thailand.
The Royal Thai General System of Transcription (RTGS), the official standard for the romanisation of Thai, is used here. Many other romanisation systems are used elsewhere.
A recording of the Thai alphabet by ปัณณวิช ตันเดชานุรัตน์ (Pannawit Tandaechanurat)
How to write write and pronounce Thai consonants:
How to write write and pronounce Thai vowels:
A recording of these numbers by ปัณณวิช ตันเดชานุรัตน์
How to write write and pronounce Thai numerals:
A recording of the Thai tone marker names by ปัณณวิช ตันเดชานุรัตน์
Tone | Example |
---|---|
mid tone (เสียงสามัญ) | ไมล์ [mai] - mile |
low tone (เสียงเอก) | ใหม่ [mài] - new, again |
falling tone (เสียงโท) | ไม่ [mâi] - no, not |
high tone (เสียงตรี) | ไม้ [mái] - wood |
rising tone (เสียงจัตวา) | ไหม [măi] - question particle / silk |
The tone of a syllable is determined by a combination of the following factors:
Summary of Thai tone rules
An introduction to Thai tones:
Download Thai alphabet charts in Excel, Word or PDF format
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A recording of this text by Jo S.
Rao túk kon gèrt maa yàang ìt-sà-rà, rao túk kon mee kwaam kît láe kwaam kâo jai bpen kŏng rao ayng. Rao túk kon kuan dâi ráp gaan bpà-dtì-bàt nai taang dieow gan.
Transliteration by http://www.thai2english.com/online/
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)
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Information about Thai | Phrases | Numbers | Family words | Tower of Babel | Books about Thai on: Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk [affilate links]
- Learn Thai with Glossika
- ThaiPod101.com - Learn Thai with Free Podcasts
- Find Thai Tutors with LanguaTalk
- Learn Thai with Ling
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Information about the Thai language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language
http://www.geckovilla.com/Thai_Language.html
Online Thai lessons and other resources
http://www.thai-language.com
http://langhub.com
http://www.thai-flashcards.com
http://ressources.learn2speakthai.net/all-maanii-books/
https://lingopolo.org/thai/online-lessons
http://www.youtube.com/user/thailanguagehut
http://polymath.org/thai.php
http://ilovelanguages.org/thai.php
https://www.expatden.com/learn-thai/
http://www.thaipod101.com/
A New Life in Thailand by Nigel Cobbett - a comprehensive ebook
guide to travel and living in Thailand, and the Thai language
http://nigelcobbett.weebly.com
Online Thai dictionaries
http://www.thai-language.com/dict/
http://dictionary.meelink.com
http://lexitron.nectec.or.th/2009_1/
http://www.thai2english.com
Information about Thai transliteration and Romanization systems
http://slice-of-thai.com/pronunciation-guides/
Thai phrases
http://thai-language.com/ref/phrases
http://thaiarc.tu.ac.th/thai/thphrase.htm
https://www.tielandtothailand.com/easy-useful-thai-phrases-words/
https://wikitravel.org/en/Thai_phrasebook
Online Thai keyboards and translation
https://translatiz.com/keyboard/thai-kedmanee
https://translatiz.com/keyboard/thai-pattachote
https://translatiz.com/th
Online Thai radio
https://onlineradiobox.com/th/thailandworldservice/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/thai
Your name in Thai
http://www.cnx-translation.com/your-name-in-thai.php
Information about King Ramkhamhaeng the Great
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramkhamhaeng
Ahom, Aiton, Bouyei, Isan, Kam, Khamti, (Tai) Khün, Lao, Lue, Northern Thai (Kam Mueang), Nùng, Shan, Sui, Tai Dam, Tai Dón, Tai Hongjin, Tai Laing, Tai Nuea, Tai Phake, Tai Ya, Thai, Thai Song, Yang Zhuang, Zhuang
Akha, Bisu, Isan, Kuy, Northern Khmer, Northern Pwo, Nyah Kur, Pāli, Sanskrit, Thai, Thai Song, Urak Lawoi’
Ahom, Aima, Arleng, Badagu, Badlit, Basahan, Balinese, Balti-A, Balti-B, Batak, Baybayin, Bengali, Bhaiksuki, Bhujimol, Bilang-bilang, Bima, Blackfoot, Brahmi, Buhid, Burmese, Carrier, Chakma, Cham, Cree, Dehong Dai, Devanagari, Dham Lipi, Dhankari / Sirmauri, Ditema, Dives Akuru, Dogra, Ethiopic, Evēla Akuru, Fox, Fraser, Gond, Goykanadi, Grantha, Gujarati, Gunjala Gondi, Gupta, Gurmukhi, Halbi Lipi, Hanifi, Hanuno'o, Hočąk, Ibalnan, Incung, Inuktitut, Jaunsari Takri, Javanese, Kaithi, Kadamba, Kamarupi, Kannada, Kawi, Kharosthi, Khema, Khe Prih, Khmer, Khojki, Khudabadi, Kirat Rai, Kōchi, Komering, Kulitan, Kurukh Banna, Lampung, Lanna, Lao, Lepcha, Limbu, Lontara/Makasar, Lota Ende, Magar Akkha, Mahajani, Malayalam, Meitei (Modern), Manpuri (Old), Marchen, Meetei Yelhou Mayek, Meroïtic, Masarm Gondi, Modi, Mon, Mongolian Horizontal Square Script, Multani, Nandinagari, Newa, New Tai Lue, Ojibwe, Odia, Ogan, Pahawh Hmong, Pallava, Phags-pa, Purva Licchavi, Qiang / Rma, Ranjana, Rejang (Kaganga), Sasak, Savara, Satera Jontal, Shan, Sharda, Sheek Bakrii Saphaloo, Siddham, Sinhala, Sorang Sompeng, Sourashtra, Soyombo, Sukhothai, Sundanese, Syloti Nagri, Tagbanwa, Takri, Tamil, Tanchangya (Ka-Pat), Tani, Thaana, Telugu, Thai, Tibetan, Tigalari, Tikamuli, Tocharian, Tolong Siki, Vatteluttu, Warang Citi
Page last modified: 16.03.23
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