Turkmen is a Turkic language spoken by about 6.7 million people mainly in Turkmenistan and also in a number of other countries. In 2015 there were about 3.8 million speakers of Turkmen in Turkmenistan, where it is the national language.
There were 1.5 million Turkmen speakers in Afghanistan in 2009, 719,000 in Iran in 2016, 400,000 in Iraq in 2014, 117,000 in Syria in 2016, and 30,800 in the Astrakhan province of the Russian Federation in 2010. There are also speakers of Turkmen in Turkey, and a number of other countries.
Turkmen started to appear in writing at the beginning of the 20th century, when it was written with the Arabic script. Between 1928 and 1940 it was written with the Latin alphabet, and from 1940 it was written with the Cyrillic alphabet. Since Turkmenistan declared independence in 1991, Turkmen has been written with a version of the Latin alphabet based on Turkish.
Download alphabet charts for Turkmen (Excel)
Hear the Turkmen alphabet:
Source: http://www.altynasyr.8m.com/portal/alphabet.htm
Хемме адамлар өз мертебеси ве хукуклары бюнча дең ягдайда дүнйә инйәрлер. Олара аң хем выждан берлендир ве олар бир-бирлери билен доганлык рухундакы гарайышда болмалыдырлар.
Hemme adamlar öz mertebesi we hukuklary boýunça deň ýagdaýda dünýä inyärler. Olara aň hem wyždan berlendir we olar bir-birleri bilen doganlyk ruhundaky garaýyşda bolmalydyrlar.
Hear a recording of this text by Nazar Annagurban
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are
endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a
spirit of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)
Information about Turkmen | Phrases | Numbers | Tower of Babel | Books about Turkmen on: Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk [affilate links]
Information about the Turkmen language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_language
https://www.ethnologue.com/language/tuk
Learn Turkic languages - Turkish, Turkmen and Uzbek
http://www.xs4all.nl/~iamback/turkic/
Turkmen phrases
http://wikitravel.org/en/Turkmen_phrasebook
http://www.101languages.net/turkmen/basics.html
http://www.byki.com/category/turkmen
http://www.onepagephrasebook.com/?language=2&translation=58
https://www.livelingua.com/peace-corps/Turkmen/TK_Turkmen_Language_Lessons.pdf
https://iamback.home.xs4all.nl/turkic/
Online Turkmen dictionaries
http://www.ismanov.com
http://terjime.com
http://pauctle.com/tmtr
Turkmen grammar
http://www.altynasyr.8m.com/turkmen.htm
http://enedilim.com
Turkmen Cyrillic-Latin converter
http://www.transliteration.kpr.eu/tk/
Online Turkmen radio
http://www.azathabar.com
http://www.turkmenradio.com
http://tmhits.com/radio/
Altay, Äynu, Azerbaijani, Bashkir, Chagatai, Chelkan, Chulym, Chuvash, Crimean Tatar, Dolgan, Fuyu Kyrgyz, Gagauz, Ili Turki, Karachay-Balkar, Karaim, Karakalpak, Karamanli Turkish, Kazakh, Khakas, Khalaj, Khorasani Turkic, Krymchak, Kumandy, Kumyk, Kyrgyz, Lop, Nogai, Old Turkic, Qashqai, Romanian Tatar, Salar, Shor, Siberian Tatar, Soyot, Tatar, Teleut, Tofa, Turkish, Turkmen, Tuvan, Urum, Uyghur, Uzbek, Western Yugur, Yakut (Sakha)
Abaza, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Aghul, Akhvakh, Akkala Sámi, Aleut, Altay, Alyutor, Andi, Archi, Assyrian / Neo-Assyrian, Avar, Azeri, Bagvalal, Balkar, Bashkir, Belarusian, Bezhta, Bosnian, Botlikh, Budukh, Bulgarian, Buryat, Chamalal, Chechen, Chelkan, Chukchi, Chulym, Chuvash, Crimean Tatar, Dargwa, Daur, Dolgan, Dungan, Enets, Erzya, Even, Evenki, Gagauz, Godoberi, Hinukh, Hunzib, Ingush, Interslavic, Itelmen, Juhuri, Kabardian, Kaitag, Kalderash Romani, Kalmyk, Karaim, Karakalpak, Karata, Karelian, Kazakh, Ket, Khakas, Khanty, Khinalug, Khorasani Turkic, Khwarshi, Kildin Sámi, Kili, Komi, Koryak, Krymchak, Kryts, Kubachi, Kumandy, Kumyk, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lak, Lezgi, Lingua Franca Nova, Lithuanian, Ludic, Macedonian, Mansi, Mari, Moksha, Moldovan, Mongolian, Montenegrin, Nanai, Negidal, Nenets, Nganasan, Nivkh, Nogai, Old Church Slavonic, Oroch, Orok, Ossetian, Pontic Greek, Romanian, Rushani, Russian, Rusyn, Rutul, Selkup, Serbian, Shor, Shughni, Siberian Tatar, Sirenik, Slovio, Soyot, Tabassaran, Tajik, Talysh, Tat, Tatar, Teleut, Ter Sámi, Tindi, Tofa, Tsakhur, Tsez, Turkmen, Tuvan, Ubykh, Udege, Udi, Udmurt, Ukrainian, Ulch, Urum, Uyghur, Uzbek, Veps, Votic, Wakhi, West Polesian, Xibe, Yaghnobi, Yakut, Yazghulami, Yukaghir (Northern / Tundra), Yukaghir (Southern / Kolyma), Yupik (Central Siberian)
Languages written with the Latin alphabet
Page last modified: 08.06.22
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